{"id":5,"date":"2021-03-09T07:31:54","date_gmt":"2021-03-09T07:31:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/2021\/03\/09\/chapter-1\/"},"modified":"2023-03-17T09:33:01","modified_gmt":"2023-03-17T09:33:01","slug":"chapter-1","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/chapter\/chapter-1\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00ccNH TH\u00c1I, C\u1ea4U T\u1ea0O V\u00c0 \u0110\u1eb6C \u0110I\u1ec2M SINH H\u1eccC C\u1ee6A C\u00c0 CU\u1ed0NG"},"content":{"raw":"

1. H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\r\ns\u01b0\u0309a nhe\u0301\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng l\u00fac nh\u1ecf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con gi\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 7 \u2013 8cm. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh l\u00e1 d\u1eb9p; ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 3 \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn k\u0129 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 l\u1ed7 th\u1edf \u1edf m\u00fat cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 1 l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1eb7t b\u1ee5ng, gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1t g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 3 \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 7 \u0111\u1ed1t. Ba \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m c\u1ee9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ng\u1ef1c. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3u ch\u00edch h\u00fat. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh sau. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c th\u00ec d\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn th\u00ec m\u1ecfng. (V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1nh n\u1eeda).<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u t\u1edbi n\u00e2u \u0111en. M\u00e0u \u1edf ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1nh s\u1eabm h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c khoang v\u00e0ng, n\u00e2u \u0111en xen k\u1ebd.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1ed7i ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn, tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p \u0111ao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u0169ng s\u0129. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1eb7p v\u00e0 b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i. Hai \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n ph\u00eda sau c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng d\u1eb9p, d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i. C\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ecdc ra t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ef1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ba \u0111\u1ed1t: tr\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 sau.<\/p>\r\n

To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi 1 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf cuticun d\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c.<\/p>\r\n

<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

<\/p>\r\n

M\u1eb7t b\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, th\u1ea7n kinh, n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft, sinh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m. Tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa, c\u1ea1nh ngay g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\r\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u1edf ra kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ngay m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: con ong, con b\u01b0\u1edbm, con ru\u1ed3i,... khi tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf ra l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh con s\u00e2u. Nh\u1eefng con s\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean con ong, con b\u01b0\u1edbm, con ru\u1ed3i,... Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n).<\/p>\r\n

<\/p>\r\n

\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng <\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi n\u1edf t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng ra (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng) tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng na n\u00e1 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i. C\u1ee9 h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean. V\u00e0 sau 5 l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c th\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\r\n

<\/a>2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

a) V\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u00e2m qu\u1ebf, c\u00e0 k\u1ebdm. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1775, sau khi thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Lapetetier v\u00e0 Serville \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1928, k\u0129 s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec5u \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\r\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd Ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh n\u1eeda v\u00e0 l\u1edbp C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\r\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng, hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, gi\u1ed1ng C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 24 lo\u00e0i. Lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam (c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Lethocerus indicus<\/em>) l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 7 \u2013 8cm. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 11cm!).<\/p>\r\n

b) Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1edf h\u1ea7u kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh su\u1ed1t ba mi\u1ec1n Trung, Nam, B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, trung du v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, h\u1ed3, ao, ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\r\n

Do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khai th\u00e1c c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u00ean qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00edt d\u1ea7n. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o trong S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2007).<\/p>\r\n

c) Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, XriLanca, Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Myanmar, L\u00e0o, Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchia v\u00e0 Indonesia. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chung hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng n\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n

d) N\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng th\u00edch s\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng hay lui t\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb cao \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5p g\u1ed3m: ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc, ao, h\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ea7m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh m\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00f4i khi, ta c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n ta \u00edt g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa th\u00e2m canh, ta r\u1ea5t \u00edt g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. B\u00e0 con ta d\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00ean c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7m hoang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh t\u00e1c ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 con v\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u cho ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\r\n

3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

a) Ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebb ra tr\u1ee9ng. Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1m th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u1ed5 quanh c\u00e1c th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh, c\u00e1c c\u1ecdc nh\u00f4 l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed7i \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tr\u1ee9ng. Ngay sau khi \u0111\u1ebb ra, tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00f4i \u1edf b\u00ean trong. T\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf sau 5 \u2013 10 ng\u00e0y. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00f4i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng. Khi tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i: \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i 1, tu\u1ed5i 2, tu\u1ed5i 3, tu\u1ed5i 4, tu\u1ed5i 5). Mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c. Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. \u1ede tu\u1ed5i 1, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng \u00d7 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 0,4 \u00d7 0,9cm. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i 5, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 2,1 \u00d7 5cm. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\r\n

Th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n. N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\r\n

Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, bao quanh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng (t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf cuticun d\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng (m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kitin). Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, mu\u1ed1n l\u1edbn l\u00ean, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 tr\u00fat b\u1ecf b\u1ed9 \u201c\u00e1o gi\u00e1p\u201d c\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 thay b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 \u201c\u00e1o gi\u00e1p\u201d m\u1edbi, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i. M\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Con \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng hao hao gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 1 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 5 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea7m c\u00e1nh. M\u1ea7m c\u00e1nh s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n. T\u1edbi k\u00ec l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00e1nh m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 hai \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t: chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 5cm v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 2,1cm. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 7 \u2013 8cm. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 11cm!<\/p>\r\n

Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 1 n\u0103m. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ebft do gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch s\u0103n b\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i (nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt).<\/p>\r\n

b) Th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i hung d\u1eef. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho n\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n m\u00e0 ch\u00edch h\u00fat. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00edch h\u00fat.<\/p>\r\n

Khi b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng huy \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n. Hai \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n sau gi\u00fap c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng b\u01a1i nhanh t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd v\u1ed3 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t con m\u1ed3i. Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 con m\u1ed3i r\u1ed3i, n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e2m th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o. Tuy\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c enzyme s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con m\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd h\u00fat h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa no n\u00ea.<\/p>\r\n

Th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 t\u00ecm b\u1eaft c\u00e1 con, n\u00f2ng n\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u1ebfch, nh\u00e1i. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u00f3 b\u1eaft c\u1ea3 \u1ebfch, nh\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 trai, \u1ed1c ch\u00fang c\u0169ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u00f3 b\u00e1m c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 r\u1eafn, chim n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat m\u00e1u. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ngay. C\u00e0o c\u00e0o, ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u, d\u1ebf,... d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed3i ngon c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n c\u00e1c con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c con m\u1ed3i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01a1i l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c n\u1ea5p sau c\u00e1c c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t: n\u00f3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh, \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n \u0111u\u00f4i v\u1edbi ch\u00f3p \u1ed1ng th\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00f2 l\u00ean b\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ede t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, con m\u1ed3i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Tr\u00f4ng n\u00f3 l\u1eabn v\u1edbi th\u00e2n, l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra con m\u1ed3i, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef y\u00ean t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t. Ch\u1ec9 khi con m\u1ed3i t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n n\u00f3 m\u1edbi lao ra \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ed3. Hai ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7p ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng m\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i ch\u00edch ngay thu\u1ed1c t\u00ea. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 b\u01a1m enzyme v\u00e0o con m\u1ed3i. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhanh. Con m\u1ed3i v\u1eabn b\u1ecb qu\u1eb7p ch\u1eb7t cho t\u1edbi ch\u1ebft. Enzyme h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con m\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch. C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd h\u00fat h\u1ebft d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3 thay cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eafn, x\u00e9 con m\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\r\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh hung d\u1eef th\u00ec k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\r\n

Trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng d\u00e0y m\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt l\u1eabn nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 baba, \u1ebfch, l\u01b0\u01a1n,...<\/p>\r\n

c) K\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

S\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt kh\u00e1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1, \u1ebfch, nh\u00e1i, b\u00f2 s\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 chim, th\u00fa n\u1eefa. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u1eabn nhau l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\r\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao th\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1n h\u00e0o, h\u1ea3i v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb v\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng. Gi\u00e1 c\u00e0ng l\u00ean cao th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb thu b\u1eaft. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c san l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y hoang h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u0169ng b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0 con ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. G\u1eb7p thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ebft! Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1edfi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u ng\u1ee1 l\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng! C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1 1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\r\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y nu\u00f4i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\r\n

d) Sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 con \u0111\u1ef1c, con c\u00e1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. C\u01a1 quan sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 tinh l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tinh trong.<\/p>\r\n

M\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng 6, 7, 8 v\u00e0 9 (d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch). Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n. \u1ede n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang nh\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f4 m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang d\u1eabn nhau t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 giao ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\r\n

R\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec con \u0111\u1ef1c b\u00e9 h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 ta th\u1ea5y, \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ef1c con \u0111\u1ef1c, ngay g\u1ea7n ph\u00eda l\u01b0ng c\u00f3 2 \u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ecdng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdng nh\u1ecf. B\u1ecdng l\u1edbn n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ecdng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi n\u00f3 \u00e9p b\u1ee5ng th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc phun ra. B\u1ecdng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh ng\u00e0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ecdng ch\u1ee9a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. B\u1ecdng n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf con \u0111\u1ef1c; \u1edf con c\u00e1i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, th\u00ec r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nh\u1eb1m b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi con c\u00e1i. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebft ra ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pheromone \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. Con c\u00e1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra \u201cti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau\u201d v\u00e0 mon men t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 con \u0111\u1ef1c.<\/p>\r\n

L\u00fac n\u00e0y, con \u0111\u1ef1c t\u1eeb t\u1eeb b\u01a1i ra, l\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1edd quanh con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u0103m d\u00f2 xem con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u01b0ng \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh g\u00ec, coi nh\u01b0 con c\u00e1i \u201cph\u1ea3i l\u00f2ng\u201d. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ebd b\u00f2 l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 leo l\u00ean l\u01b0ng con c\u00e1i. N\u00f3 d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 d\u00ecm n\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 \u1ea5n ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 sinh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u v\u00e0o c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 tinh s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, con \u0111\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 giao ph\u1ed1i 1 l\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 giao ph\u1ed1i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\r\n

Xong xu\u00f4i, con \u0111\u1ef1c d\u1eabn con c\u00e1i b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y nh\u00f4 l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Con c\u00e1i ti\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 g\u1eafn tr\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng m\u1ea3ng b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3.<\/p>\r\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebb h\u1ebft tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i coi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, n\u00f3 lao xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1eb7n \u0111i m\u1ea5t t\u0103m. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u do con \u0111\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m. Con \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea1t cho tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ngoi l\u00ean, ngoi xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt cho tr\u1ee9ng. Khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n bao l\u00ean \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u1eb7p c\u00e0ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u01b0\u01a1ng ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda k\u1ebb th\u00f9.<\/p>\r\n

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C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c \u00f4m tr\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

M\u1ed7i \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 2 \u2013 3cm. Ch\u00fang n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n. M\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 10 \u2013 12 tr\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i x\u00edt l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 m\u1ea3ng, b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1i c\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh, c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc 10 \u2013 20cm.<\/p>\r\n

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Tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng <\/strong><\/p>\r\n

T\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf sau 5 \u2013 10 ng\u00e0y. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u to nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o ph\u00eda trong v\u00e0 d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ea7u to c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng. Khi n\u1edf, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd chui ra qua n\u1eafp \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp. C\u1ea3 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1edbn nhanh hay l\u1edbn ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\r\n

C\u0169ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 60 \u2013 70 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\r\n

e) T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n

T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c do h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. C\u01a1 quan giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u1ed3m th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c, x\u00fac gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 do ch\u00fang ti\u1ebft ra. S\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng m\u00f9i v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t mang m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho t\u1eebng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 pheromone. \u1ede c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, pheromone c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc. D\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch m\u00f9i \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng pha n\u00f3 v\u00e0o v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho bi\u1ebft, \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. T\u1edbi l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u1edf c\u1ea3 con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng \u1edf con \u0111\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m gi\u00fap con v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u201cb\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh\u201d khi m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n t\u1edbi. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 con c\u00e1i b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng,...<\/p>\r\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1ea1p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi con c\u00e1i; thay con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u1ee9ng; bi\u1ebft qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ung h\u1ecfng; bi\u1ebft l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh \u00f4m l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. Trong l\u00fac ki\u00ean tr\u00ec tr\u00f4ng coi \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\r\n

\u1ede con c\u00e1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u201cghen tu\u00f4ng\u201d. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u1ef1c giao ph\u1ed1i, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i leo l\u00ean t\u00ecm \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n ph\u00e1 \u0111i. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat h\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebb. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1p h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 v\u1ecf tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\r\n

T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u0169ng l\u1ea1 k\u00ec: v\u1eeba ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba ve v\u00e3n v\u00e0 giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con c\u00e1i sau. N\u00f3 hay b\u1ecb con c\u00e1i l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, con c\u00e1i m\u1edbi x\u00f4ng ngay l\u00ean ph\u00e1 th\u1eadt nhanh \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f4i khi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o ngay \u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t do tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u201cx\u1ea5u\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng (m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3) l\u00e0 khi thi\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c \u0103n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u01a1i lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u01b0u \u00fd khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nu\u00f4i ch\u00fang.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1ee5y trang t\u1ed1t. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1eabn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m l\u00e1, \u0111\u00e1m th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh. \u0110\u00f4i khi n\u00f3 s\u1edd s\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eef t\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra con m\u1ed1i. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 nhao ra v\u1ed3 khi con m\u1ed3i t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\r\n

Khi con \u0111\u1ef1c g\u1eb7p con c\u00e1i trong m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1edd ch\u00e1n v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i con c\u00e1i. Khi n\u00e0o \u201cch\u1eafc \u0103n\u201d th\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u201clo xa\u201d. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c giao ph\u1ed1i. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 ra v\u00f9ng s\u00e1ng g\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c con c\u00e1i th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quanh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 con c\u00e1i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u0129 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ph\u1ed1i tinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng!.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap n\u00f3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n nu\u00f4i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n

g) Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c:<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a. C\u1ea3 th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i th\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 c\u00f2n \u0111i ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2013 l\u0169 tr\u1ebb th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng chia nhau \u0111i t\u00ecm tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau n\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. C\u00e1c c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o: \u201cCh\u1ea3 c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o m\u00e0 th\u01a1m, b\u00f9i v\u00e0 b\u00e9o ng\u1eady nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng! Trong \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng 1 l\u1ea7n!\u201d.<\/p>\r\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. Trong S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho bi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Tri\u1ec7u \u0110\u00e0 (th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 III \u2013 II tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m) d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 coi c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u201cs\u01a1n h\u00e0o, h\u1ea3i v\u1ecb\u201d. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i c\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201ccon s\u00e2m qu\u1ebf\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n coi c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng. Khi \u0103n b\u00e1nh cu\u1ed1n, b\u00fan thang, nem, ch\u1ea3,... m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m th\u00ec m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 khi l\u00ean t\u1edbi 50.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/1 gi\u1ecdt! V\u00ec v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng, nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m sao th\u01a1m, ngon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y nu\u00f4i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\r\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\r\n

Ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1952, hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Adolf Butenandt v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng T\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd cho bi\u1ebft: tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tan trong m\u1ee1; \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i \u1edf 168o<\/sup>C \u2013 170o<\/sup>C; ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n.(25\/D).1,4160; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh khi ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t; quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf 5,80m; c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a este axit cacbonic v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hexanol axetat c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C6<\/sub>H11<\/sub>OCOCH3<\/sub>.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tinh d\u1ea7u:<\/p>\r\n

L\u00e2u nay, ta ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n m\u00e0 \u00edt ai ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ta ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u00edt n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\r\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft: khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng) n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n cho c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vua ch\u00faa Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a r\u1ea5t \u01b0a th\u00edch v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vua ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p.<\/p>\r\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u cao th\u00ec c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, d\u00f9 \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng khi cho tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean nh\u1ecf 1 gi\u1ecdt\/b\u00e1t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>","rendered":"

1. H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

s\u01b0\u0309a nhe\u0301<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng l\u00fac nh\u1ecf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con gi\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 7 \u2013 8cm. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh l\u00e1 d\u1eb9p; ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 3 \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn k\u0129 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 l\u1ed7 th\u1edf \u1edf m\u00fat cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 1 l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1eb7t b\u1ee5ng, gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed1t g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 3 \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 7 \u0111\u1ed1t. Ba \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m c\u1ee9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ng\u1ef1c. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3u ch\u00edch h\u00fat. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh sau. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c th\u00ec d\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn th\u00ec m\u1ecfng. (V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1nh n\u1eeda).<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u t\u1edbi n\u00e2u \u0111en. M\u00e0u \u1edf ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1nh s\u1eabm h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u1ee5ng. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c khoang v\u00e0ng, n\u00e2u \u0111en xen k\u1ebd.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn, tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p \u0111ao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u0169ng s\u0129. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1eb7p v\u00e0 b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i. Hai \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n ph\u00eda sau c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng d\u1eb9p, d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i. C\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ecdc ra t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ef1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ba \u0111\u1ed1t: tr\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 sau.<\/p>\n

To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi 1 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf cuticun d\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

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M\u1eb7t b\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, th\u1ea7n kinh, n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft, sinh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m. Tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 tho\u00e1t n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa, c\u1ea1nh ngay g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u1edf ra kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ngay m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: con ong, con b\u01b0\u1edbm, con ru\u1ed3i,… khi tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf ra l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh con s\u00e2u. Nh\u1eefng con s\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean con ong, con b\u01b0\u1edbm, con ru\u1ed3i,… Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n).<\/p>\n

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\u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng <\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi n\u1edf t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng ra (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng) tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng na n\u00e1 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i. C\u1ee9 h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean. V\u00e0 sau 5 l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c th\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

<\/a>2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) V\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u00e2m qu\u1ebf, c\u00e0 k\u1ebdm. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1775, sau khi thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Lapetetier v\u00e0 Serville \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1928, k\u0129 s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Ti\u1ec5u \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd Ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i, b\u1ed9 C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh n\u1eeda v\u00e0 l\u1edbp C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng, hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, gi\u1ed1ng C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 24 lo\u00e0i. Lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam (c\u00f3 t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Lethocerus indicus<\/em>) l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 7 \u2013 8cm. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 11cm!).<\/p>\n

b) Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1edf h\u1ea7u kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh su\u1ed1t ba mi\u1ec1n Trung, Nam, B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, trung du v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai. Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, h\u1ed3, ao, ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khai th\u00e1c c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u00ean qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00edt d\u1ea7n. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o trong S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2007).<\/p>\n

c) Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, XriLanca, Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Myanmar, L\u00e0o, Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchia v\u00e0 Indonesia. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng chung hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng n\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

d) N\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng th\u00edch s\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng hay lui t\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng th\u00edch nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb cao \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5p g\u1ed3m: ru\u1ed9ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc, ao, h\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ea7m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh m\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 l\u1edbn. \u0110\u00f4i khi, ta c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n ta \u00edt g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa th\u00e2m canh, ta r\u1ea5t \u00edt g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. B\u00e0 con ta d\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u00ean c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7m hoang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh t\u00e1c ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 con v\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u cho ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

a) Ph\u00f4i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebb ra tr\u1ee9ng. Tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1m th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u1ed5 quanh c\u00e1c th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh, c\u00e1c c\u1ecdc nh\u00f4 l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed7i \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tr\u1ee9ng. Ngay sau khi \u0111\u1ebb ra, tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00f4i \u1edf b\u00ean trong. T\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf sau 5 \u2013 10 ng\u00e0y. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00f4i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng. Khi tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i: \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng tu\u1ed5i 1, tu\u1ed5i 2, tu\u1ed5i 3, tu\u1ed5i 4, tu\u1ed5i 5). Mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c. Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. \u1ede tu\u1ed5i 1, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng \u00d7 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 0,4 \u00d7 0,9cm. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i 5, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 2,1 \u00d7 5cm. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n. N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, bao quanh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng (t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf cuticun d\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng (m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kitin). Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c, mu\u1ed1n l\u1edbn l\u00ean, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 tr\u00fat b\u1ecf b\u1ed9 \u201c\u00e1o gi\u00e1p\u201d c\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 thay b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 \u201c\u00e1o gi\u00e1p\u201d m\u1edbi, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00ec g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i. M\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Con \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng hao hao gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i 1 \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 5 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea7m c\u00e1nh. M\u1ea7m c\u00e1nh s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n. T\u1edbi k\u00ec l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00e1nh m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 hai \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t: chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0 5cm v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 2,1cm. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 7 \u2013 8cm. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 11cm!<\/p>\n

Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 1 n\u0103m. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0o x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ebft do gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch s\u0103n b\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i (nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt).<\/p>\n

b) Th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i hung d\u1eef. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho n\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n m\u00e0 ch\u00edch h\u00fat. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea7n mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00edch h\u00fat.<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng huy \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n. Hai \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n sau gi\u00fap c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng b\u01a1i nhanh t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft. \u0110\u00f4i ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd v\u1ed3 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t con m\u1ed3i. Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 con m\u1ed3i r\u1ed3i, n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e2m th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o. Tuy\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c enzyme s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con m\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd h\u00fat h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa no n\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 t\u00ecm b\u1eaft c\u00e1 con, n\u00f2ng n\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u1ebfch, nh\u00e1i. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u00f3 b\u1eaft c\u1ea3 \u1ebfch, nh\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e2n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 trai, \u1ed1c ch\u00fang c\u0169ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u00f3 b\u00e1m c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 r\u1eafn, chim n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat m\u00e1u. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ngay. C\u00e0o c\u00e0o, ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u, d\u1ebf,… d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed3i ngon c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n c\u00e1c con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c con m\u1ed3i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01a1i l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c n\u1ea5p sau c\u00e1c c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t: n\u00f3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh, \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n \u0111u\u00f4i v\u1edbi ch\u00f3p \u1ed1ng th\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00f2 l\u00ean b\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ede t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, con m\u1ed3i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Tr\u00f4ng n\u00f3 l\u1eabn v\u1edbi th\u00e2n, l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra con m\u1ed3i, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef y\u00ean t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t. Ch\u1ec9 khi con m\u1ed3i t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n n\u00f3 m\u1edbi lao ra \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ed3. Hai ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7p ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng m\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i ch\u00edch ngay thu\u1ed1c t\u00ea. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 b\u01a1m enzyme v\u00e0o con m\u1ed3i. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhanh. Con m\u1ed3i v\u1eabn b\u1ecb qu\u1eb7p ch\u1eb7t cho t\u1edbi ch\u1ebft. Enzyme h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con m\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch. C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd h\u00fat h\u1ebft d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3 thay cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eafn, x\u00e9 con m\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh hung d\u1eef th\u00ec k\u00e9m h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng d\u00e0y m\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt l\u1eabn nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 baba, \u1ebfch, l\u01b0\u01a1n,…<\/p>\n

c) K\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y v\u1ef1c, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt kh\u00e1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1, \u1ebfch, nh\u00e1i, b\u00f2 s\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 chim, th\u00fa n\u1eefa. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u1eabn nhau l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao th\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1n h\u00e0o, h\u1ea3i v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb v\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng. Gi\u00e1 c\u00e0ng l\u00ean cao th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb thu b\u1eaft. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c san l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y hoang h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u0169ng b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0 con ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. G\u1eb7p thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ebft! Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1edfi thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u ng\u1ee1 l\u00e0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng! C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1 1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y nu\u00f4i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

d) Sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 con \u0111\u1ef1c, con c\u00e1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. C\u01a1 quan sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 tinh l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tinh trong.<\/p>\n

M\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng 6, 7, 8 v\u00e0 9 (d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch). Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n. \u1ede n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang nh\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f4 m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang d\u1eabn nhau t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 giao ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec con \u0111\u1ef1c b\u00e9 h\u01a1n con c\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 ta th\u1ea5y, \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ef1c con \u0111\u1ef1c, ngay g\u1ea7n ph\u00eda l\u01b0ng c\u00f3 2 \u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ecdng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdng nh\u1ecf. B\u1ecdng l\u1edbn n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ecdng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi n\u00f3 \u00e9p b\u1ee5ng th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc phun ra. B\u1ecdng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh ng\u00e0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ecdng ch\u1ee9a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. B\u1ecdng n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf con \u0111\u1ef1c; \u1edf con c\u00e1i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, th\u00ec r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nh\u1eb1m b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi con c\u00e1i. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebft ra ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pheromone \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. Con c\u00e1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra \u201cti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau\u201d v\u00e0 mon men t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 con \u0111\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

L\u00fac n\u00e0y, con \u0111\u1ef1c t\u1eeb t\u1eeb b\u01a1i ra, l\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1edd quanh con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u0103m d\u00f2 xem con c\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u01b0ng \u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh g\u00ec, coi nh\u01b0 con c\u00e1i \u201cph\u1ea3i l\u00f2ng\u201d. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ebd b\u00f2 l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 leo l\u00ean l\u01b0ng con c\u00e1i. N\u00f3 d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 d\u00ecm n\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 \u1ea5n ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 sinh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u v\u00e0o c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 tinh s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, con \u0111\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 giao ph\u1ed1i 1 l\u1ea7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 giao ph\u1ed1i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Xong xu\u00f4i, con \u0111\u1ef1c d\u1eabn con c\u00e1i b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y nh\u00f4 l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Con c\u00e1i ti\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 g\u1eafn tr\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng m\u1ea3ng b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1c b\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0ng m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebb h\u1ebft tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i coi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, n\u00f3 lao xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1eb7n \u0111i m\u1ea5t t\u0103m. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u do con \u0111\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m. Con \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea1t cho tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ngoi l\u00ean, ngoi xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt cho tr\u1ee9ng. Khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n bao l\u00ean \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, c\u1eb7p c\u00e0ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u01b0\u01a1ng ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111e d\u1ecda k\u1ebb th\u00f9.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c \u00f4m tr\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 2 \u2013 3cm. Ch\u00fang n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n. M\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 10 \u2013 12 tr\u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i x\u00edt l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 m\u1ea3ng, b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1i c\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1ee7y sinh, c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc 10 \u2013 20cm.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng <\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf sau 5 \u2013 10 ng\u00e0y. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u to nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o ph\u00eda trong v\u00e0 d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ea7u to c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee9ng. Khi n\u1edf, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng s\u1ebd chui ra qua n\u1eafp \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp. C\u1ea3 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1edbn nhanh hay l\u1edbn ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 60 \u2013 70 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

e) T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c do h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. C\u01a1 quan giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u1ed3m th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c, th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c, x\u00fac gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 do ch\u00fang ti\u1ebft ra. S\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng m\u00f9i v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t mang m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho t\u1eebng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 pheromone. \u1ede c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng, pheromone c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc. D\u00e2n ch\u00e2u \u00c1 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch m\u00f9i \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng pha n\u00f3 v\u00e0o v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho bi\u1ebft, \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. T\u1edbi l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u1edf c\u1ea3 con \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng \u1edf con \u0111\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m gi\u00fap con v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u201cb\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh\u201d khi m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n t\u1edbi. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 con c\u00e1i b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng,…<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m, c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1ea1p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi con c\u00e1i; thay con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u1ee9ng; bi\u1ebft qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ung h\u1ecfng; bi\u1ebft l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh \u00f4m l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. Trong l\u00fac ki\u00ean tr\u00ec tr\u00f4ng coi \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u1ede con c\u00e1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u201cghen tu\u00f4ng\u201d. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u1ef1c giao ph\u1ed1i, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i leo l\u00ean t\u00ecm \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n ph\u00e1 \u0111i. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, n\u00f3 d\u00f9ng v\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat h\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebb. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1p h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 v\u1ecf tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

T\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1ef1c c\u0169ng l\u1ea1 k\u00ec: v\u1eeba ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba ve v\u00e3n v\u00e0 giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con c\u00e1i sau. N\u00f3 hay b\u1ecb con c\u00e1i l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, con c\u00e1i m\u1edbi x\u00f4ng ngay l\u00ean ph\u00e1 th\u1eadt nhanh \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f4i khi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o ngay \u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t do tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u201cx\u1ea5u\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng (m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3) l\u00e0 khi thi\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c \u0103n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u01a1i lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 con c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u01b0u \u00fd khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nu\u00f4i ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1ee5y trang t\u1ed1t. M\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1eabn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m l\u00e1, \u0111\u00e1m th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh. \u0110\u00f4i khi n\u00f3 s\u1edd s\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eef t\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra con m\u1ed1i. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 nhao ra v\u1ed3 khi con m\u1ed3i t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Khi con \u0111\u1ef1c g\u1eb7p con c\u00e1i trong m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3n l\u1edd ch\u00e1n v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t k\u0129 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i con c\u00e1i. Khi n\u00e0o \u201cch\u1eafc \u0103n\u201d th\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u201clo xa\u201d. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho con c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c giao ph\u1ed1i. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 ra v\u00f9ng s\u00e1ng g\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c con c\u00e1i th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quanh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 con c\u00e1i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u0129 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ph\u1ed1i tinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng!.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap n\u00f3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n nu\u00f4i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

g) Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c:<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a. C\u1ea3 th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i th\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 c\u00f2n \u0111i ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2013 l\u0169 tr\u1ebb th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng chia nhau \u0111i t\u00ecm tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau n\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. C\u00e1c c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o: \u201cCh\u1ea3 c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o m\u00e0 th\u01a1m, b\u00f9i v\u00e0 b\u00e9o ng\u1eady nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng! Trong \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng 1 l\u1ea7n!\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. Trong S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ecf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho bi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Tri\u1ec7u \u0110\u00e0 (th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 III \u2013 II tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m) d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e3 coi c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u201cs\u01a1n h\u00e0o, h\u1ea3i v\u1ecb\u201d. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i c\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201ccon s\u00e2m qu\u1ebf\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n coi c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng. Khi \u0103n b\u00e1nh cu\u1ed1n, b\u00fan thang, nem, ch\u1ea3,… m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m th\u00ec m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 khi l\u00ean t\u1edbi 50.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/1 gi\u1ecdt! V\u00ec v\u1eady, nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng, nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m sao th\u01a1m, ngon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y nu\u00f4i c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u:<\/p>\n

Ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1952, hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Adolf Butenandt v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng T\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd cho bi\u1ebft: tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng tan trong m\u1ee1; \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i \u1edf 168o<\/sup>C \u2013 170o<\/sup>C; ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n.(25\/D).1,4160; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh khi ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t; quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf 5,80m; c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a este axit cacbonic v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m c\u1ee7a tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hexanol axetat c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C6<\/sub>H11<\/sub>OCOCH3<\/sub>.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tinh d\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n

L\u00e2u nay, ta ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c b\u1eefa \u0103n m\u00e0 \u00edt ai ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, do khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ta ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u00edt n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft: khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng) n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n cho c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vua ch\u00faa Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a r\u1ea5t \u01b0a th\u00edch v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vua ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u cao th\u00ec c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, d\u00f9 \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng khi cho tinh d\u1ea7u c\u00e0 cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean nh\u1ecf 1 gi\u1ecdt\/b\u00e1t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[47],"contributor":[],"license":[],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":100,"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5\/revisions\/100"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/5\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=5"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=5"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oes.edu.vn\/nghenuoicacuong\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=5"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}